A sensible first inspection before buying a used car

Arrange to see the car in daylight, ideally when the bodywork is dry. Ask the seller not to warm the engine before you arrive, because a cold start may reveal behaviour that disappears once it reaches operating temperature. Bring a torch, a short checklist and enough time to avoid rushing.

Walk around the vehicle before opening the bonnet. Look along the panels for dents, paint differences and inconsistent gaps, then examine the tyres for damage and uneven wear. Check visible tyre markings against the vehicle's requirements. Cosmetic repairs are not automatically a reason to reject a car, but unexplained damage deserves questions.

With the vehicle parked safely and the engine off, follow the handbook when checking accessible fluid levels. Never remove a coolant cap while the system is hot. Look for obvious leaks, damaged hoses or loose parts without reaching near belts, fans or hot surfaces. Electric and hybrid vehicles require particular care around high-voltage equipment.

Before a test drive, confirm that you have permission and appropriate insurance. Adjust the seat and mirrors, check the controls and watch the dashboard during startup. On a suitable route, pay attention to steering response, braking, gear changes and unusual sounds. Keep your attention on driving; ask a passenger to record observations if necessary.

Afterward, compare your notes with the service history and the seller's answers. A vehicle history check can add useful information, but it does not establish mechanical condition. If you are seriously considering the car, an independent pre-purchase inspection can help identify issues that a brief viewing cannot.